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List of political parties in the United States

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This is a list of political parties in the United States, both past and present. The list does not include independents.

Not all states allow the public to access voter registration data. Therefore, voter registration data should not be taken as the correct value and should be viewed as an underestimate.

Active parties

[edit]

Major parties

[edit]
Party Ideology Year
founded
Political position Membership
(2024)[1]
Electoral (2024) Popular [2] Senators
[3]
Voting Nonvoting Governors
[4]
State
legislators
[4]
Legislatures
[4]
Trifectas
[4]
Republican Party Conservatism 1854 Center-right to right-wing 37,314,494
312 / 538
77,193,105
(49.91%)
53 / 100
220 / 435
3 / 6
29 / 55
4,031 / 7,383
28 / 49
22 / 49
Democratic Party Liberalism 1828 Center-left 45,512,696
226 / 538
74,898,009
(48.43%)
47 / 100
[A]
214 / 435
3 / 6
25 / 55
3,271 / 7,383
19 / 49
17 / 49

Third parties

[edit]

Represented in state legislatures

[edit]

The following third parties have members in state legislatures affiliated with them.

Ballot access in multiple states
[edit]
Party Ballot access Presidential ballot access (2024) Ideology Year
founded
Political position Membership
(2024)[1]
Presidential vote (2024) State
legislators
Libertarian Party
31 / 51
[5][6]
47 / 51
Libertarianism[7] 1971[8] 722,761 634,217 (0.415%)
1 / 7,383[9]
Forward Party
5 / 51
[10]
No candidate 2022 Center 1483 No candidate
2 / 7,383[11]
Ballot access in a single state
[edit]
Party Ballot access Ideology Year
founded
Political position Membership
(2024)[1]
Presidential vote (2024) State
legislators
Vermont Progressive Party Vermont Progressivism[12]
Democratic socialism[12]
1993 Left-wing Unknown No candidate
13 / 7,386[13]
Independent Party of Oregon Oregon Centrism[14] 2007 Center 146,899 No candidate
1 / 7,386


Other parties with ballot access

[edit]

The following third parties have ballot access in at least one state and are not represented in a national office or state legislature.[15]

Multi-state
[edit]
Single-state
[edit]


Active parties without ballot access

[edit]

The following parties have been active in the past 4 years, but as of December 2021, did not have official ballot access in any state.[15]

Multi-state
[edit]
Single-state
[edit]

Major parties in Puerto Rico

[edit]

The following parties are represented in the Puerto Rican Legislature.

Party Ideology Year
founded
Political position President Gubernatorial vote[63] Senators[64] Representatives[64] Mayors[65]
New Progressive Party
Partido Nuevo Progresista
Puerto Rico statehood 1967[66] Center to centre-right Pedro Pierluisi 427,016 (33.24%)
10 / 27
21 / 51
36 / 78
Popular Democratic Party
Partido Popular Democrático
Pro-Commonwealth
Centrism
1938[67] Center Jesus Manuel Ortiz 407,817 (31.75%)
12 / 27
26 / 51
41 / 78
Citizens' Victory Movement
Movimiento Victoria Ciudadana
Anti-imperialism
Anti-neoliberalism
Progressivism
2019 Left-wing Ana Irma Rivera Lassén 179,265 (13.95%)
2 / 27
2 / 51
0 / 78
Puerto Rican Independence Party
Partido Independentista Puertorriqueño
Puerto Rico independence
Social democracy
1946[66] Center-left Rubén Berríos 175,402 (13.58%)
1 / 27
1 / 51
0 / 78
Project Dignity
Proyecto Dignidad
Christian democracy
Anti-corruption
2019 Center-right to right-wing César Váquez Muñiz 87,379 (6.80%)
1 / 27
1 / 51
1 / 78

Historical parties

[edit]

Held national office or elected to Congress

[edit]
Party Years in national office Other names Ideology Mergers/Splits Created Disbanded
Federalist Party 1789–1825 Classical conservatism[68] 1789 1824
Anti-Administration party 1789–1792 Anti-Federalism[69] Merged into: Democratic-Republican Party in 1792 1789 1792
Democratic-Republican Party 1792–1825 Republican Party, Democratic Party Jeffersonianism[70] Split into: Democratic Party and National Republican Party 1792 1825
National Republican Party 1825–1837 Anti-Jacksonian Party, Adams-Clay Republicans Classical conservatism[71] Merged into: Whig Party 1825 1837
Anti-Masonic Party 1829–1839 Anti-Masonry[72] Merged into: Whig Party 1828 1838
Nullifier Party 1831–1839 Nullification[73] 1828 1839
Whig Party 1837–1857 Traditionalist conservatism[74] 1833 1854
Law and Order Party of Rhode Island 1843–1845 Charterites Anti-Dorr Rebellion[75] Merged into: Whig Party 1840 1848
Liberty Party 1845–1849 Abolitionism[76] Merged into: Free Soil Party and Republican Party 1840 1848
Know Nothing Party 1845–1860 Nativism[77] Merged into: Constitutional Union Party (South) and Republican Party (North) 1844 1860
Free Soil Party 1849–1857 Abolitionism[78] Merged into: Republican Party 1848 1855
Union Party 1851–1853 Conditional unionism[79] 1850 1853
Opposition Party (Northern) 1855–1857 Abolitionism[80] Merged into: Republican Party 1854 1858
Opposition Party (Southern) 1859–1860 Pro-slavery[81] Merged into: Constitutional Union Party 1858 1860
Constitutional Union Party 1860 Unionist Party Southern unionism[82] Merged into: Unconditional Union Party 1860 1860
Unconditional Union Party 1860–1866 Union Party American unionism[83] Merged into: National Union Party 1861 1866
Liberal Republican Party 1871–1875 Classical liberalism[84] Merged into: Republican Party and Democratic Party 1871 1875
Anti-Monopoly Party 1873–1881 Progressivism[85] Merged into: People's Party (1892) 1874 1886
Greenback Party 1879–1889 Currency reform[86] Merged into: People's Party (1892) 1874 1884
Readjuster Party 1881–1889 Left-wing populism[87] 1870 1885
Labor Party 1887–1891
People's Party (1892) 1892–1903 Populist Party Populism[88] Merged into: Democratic Party 1892 1908
Silver Party 1893–1902 Bimetalism[89] Merged into: Democratic Party 1892 1902
Silver Republican Party 1897–1900 Bimetalism[90] Merged into: Republican Party 1896 1900
Socialist Party of America 1911–1913
1915–1919
1921–1929
Democratic socialism[91] Splinter parties: Nonpartisan League (1915)
National Party (1917)
Communist Party USA (1919)
Proletarian Party of America (1920)
American Labor Party (1936)
Social Democratic Federation (1936)
Final split: (1972–1973) Socialist Party USA, Social Democrats, USA, and Democratic Socialist Organizing Committee
1901 1972
Progressive Party (1912) 1913–1919 Bull Moose Party Progressivism[92] Merged into: Republican Party 1912 1920
Farmer–Labor Party 1919–1921
1923–1945
Social democracy[93] Merged into: Democratic Party 1920 1936
Wisconsin Progressive Party 1935–1946 Merged into: Republican Party and Democratic Party 1934 1946
American Labor Party (1936) 1939–1951 Social democracy[94] 1936 1956
Nonpartisan League 1917–1959 NPL Democratic Socialism Agrarianism[95] Merged into: North Dakota Democratic-NPL Party[96] 1915 1956

Multi-state political parties

[edit]

Single-state political parties

[edit]

Political parties in the unincorporated territories

[edit]
Party Territory Other names Ideology Mergers/Splits Created Disbanded
Puerto Rican Nationalist Party Puerto Rico Puerto Rican nationalism[159] 1922 1965
Puerto Rican Socialist Party Puerto Rico Puerto Rican nationalism[160] 1959 1993
Covenant Party Northern Mariana Islands Populism Merged into: Republican Party 2001 2013[161]
Working People's Party Puerto Rico Partido del Pueblo Trabajador 2010 2016
Popular Party (Guam) Guam Commercial Party Merged into: Democratic Party 1949 1964
Territorial Party (Guam) Guam Merged into: Republican Party 1956 1966
Popular Party (Northern Mariana Islands)[162][163] Northern Mariana Islands Merged into: Democratic Party 1978
Territorial Party (Northern Mariana Islands)[163] Northern Mariana Islands Merged into: Republican Party

Non-electoral organizations

[edit]

Active

[edit]

These organizations generally do not nominate candidates for election, but some of them have in the past; they otherwise function similarly to political parties.

Historical

[edit]

These historical organizations did not officially nominate candidates for election but may have endorsed or supported campaigns; they otherwise functioned similarly to political parties.

Party registration

[edit]

Officially recognized parties in states are not guaranteed have ballot access, membership numbers of some parties with ballot access are not tracked, and vice versa. Not all of these parties are active, and not all states record voter registration by party. Boxes in gray mean that the specific party's registration is not reported.

Political party registration by state
State/DC As of DEM REP LIB GRN CST NLB RFM WFP Others Unaffiliated Total
Alaska April 3, 2024[174] 73,637 143,100 6,654 776 21,232[e] 346,110 591,509
Arizona April 2024[175] 1,192,205 1,434,982 31,164 2,796 27,539
1,369,634
4,058,320
Arkansas May 3, 2024[176] 86,231 131,647 700 104 1 1,543,863 1,762,546
California February 20, 2024[177] 10,285,108 5,388,479 240,618 102,659 271 42,039 1,195,512[f] 4,822,647 22,077,333
Colorado May 1, 2024[178] 1,006,438 903,079 37,315 8,280 11,245 7,969 9,413[g] 1,850,286 3,834,112
Connecticut May 16, 2024[179] 798,205 466,908 2,996 1,350 298 29,155[h] 919,524 2,218,436
Delaware May 1, 2024[180] 350,955 205,909 2,028 718 238 1,768 47 314 15,130[i] 197,529 774,636
Washington, D.C. August 2022[181] 379,489 26,567 2,290 3,855 82,556 494,757
Florida February 20, 2024[182] 4,363,490 5,214,907 35,445 7,712 14,833 7,498 266,493[j] 3,539,382 13,449,760
Idaho August 2022[181] 129,550 577,507 11,147 4,036 275,271 997,511
Iowa November 1, 2022[183] 597,120 681,871 12,100 2,966 555,988 1,850,045
Kansas April 30, 2024[184] 503,972 874,132 24,151 39 563,482 1,965,776
Kentucky April 15, 2024[185] 1,511,242 1,615,451 16,391 2,403 1,376 209 190,063[k] 153,870 3,491,005
Louisiana November 7, 2023[186] 1,133,813 1,021,571 15,839 2,583 154 2,296 823 130,273[l] 665,154 2,979,345
Maine March 5, 2024[187] 341,925 281,904 5,236 36,724 9,677 275,560 951,026
Maryland March 2024[188] 2,208,095 994,529 18,836 234 54,299 909,180 4,185,173
Massachusetts May 3, 2024[189] 1,336,825 415,438 3,599 292 113 722 36,484[m] 3,132,433 4,925,906
Nebraska May 1, 2024[190] 330,657 605,466 18,036 6,684[n] 271,568 1,232,411
Nevada May 1, 2024[191] 708,432 654,182 20,967 48,105 794,532 2,329,718
New Hampshire March 29, 2024[192] 260,281 304,375 325,930 890,586
New Jersey June 1, 2024[193] 2,496,054 1,563,771 25,174 11,498 12,989 1,550 28,084[o] 2,422,574 6,561,694
New Mexico April 30, 2024[194] 577,692 415,653 27,443[p] 315,390 1,336,178
New York February 27, 2024[195] 6,404,069 2,903,144 54,678 572,778[q] 3,173,678 13,108,347
North Carolina May 1, 2024[196] 2,404,692 2,234,315 50,119 2,056 0 (New) 7,752 2,743,054 7,441,988
Oklahoma April 30, 2024[197] 649,432 1,214,774 22,365 449,488 2,336,059
Oregon August 2022[181] 1,014,041 730,765 20,865 7,820 8,364 141,185[r] 1,031,392 2,958,277
Pennsylvania April 29, 2024[198] 3,895,223 3,499,524 42,919 10,326 1,273,199 8,721,191
Rhode Island May 2024[199] 281,725 103,268 338,629 723,622
South Dakota May 1, 2024[200] 144,243 303,722 2,923 22 945 149,935 601,790
Utah June 3, 2024[201] 275,698 991,894 26,411 74 8,497 2,353 88,837[s] 574,734 1,968,498
West Virginia May 4, 2024[202] 358,056 477,549 10,800 2,542 39,412 292,963 1,181,322
Wyoming May 4, 2024[203] 23,787 178,387 1,057 343 13 15,875 219,462

Parties by number of registered voters

[edit]

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
Notes
  1. ^ The Constitution Party had two candidates running for the 2024 presidential election—one which was nominated by the party and one which was nominated by the Constitution Party dissidents.
  2. ^ See membership table below
  3. ^ No presidential ballot access
  4. ^ Disaffiliated
  5. ^ "Other" political affiliations listed as follows:
  6. ^ "Other" political affiliations listed as follows:
  7. ^ "Other" political affiliations listed as follows:
  8. ^ "Other" political affiliations listed as follows:
  9. ^ "Other" political affiliations listed as follows:
  10. ^ "Other" political affiliations listed as follows:
  11. ^ "Other" political affiliations listed as follows:
  12. ^ "Other" political affiliations listed as follows:
  13. ^ "Other" political affiliations listed as follows:
  14. ^ "Other" political affiliations listed as follows:
  15. ^ "Other" political affiliations listed as follows:
  16. ^
  17. ^ "Other" political affiliations listed as follows:
  18. ^ "Other" political affiliations listed as follows:
  19. ^ "Other" political affiliations listed as follows:
  1. ^ Includes two Independent Senators who all caucus with the Democratic Party.[3]
  2. ^ The Alliance Party originally nominated Robert F. Kennedy Jr, who later dropped out. However, he remained on the ballot in other states. Kennedy was nominated by several parties.
  3. ^ The American Independent Party originally nominated Robert F. Kennedy Jr, who later dropped out. However, he remained on the ballot in other states. Kennedy was nominated by several parties.
  4. ^ a b c The party's candidate, Robert F. Kennedy Jr, dropped out before the election. However, votes were still cast for him. Votes counted in a fusion ticket.
  5. ^ The Natural Law Party originally nominated Robert F. Kennedy Jr, who later dropped out. However, he remained on the ballot in other states. Kennedy was nominated by several parties.
Footnotes
  1. ^ a b c d e Winger, Richard (November 29, 2024). "August 2022 Ballot Access News Print Edition". Ballot Access News. Retrieved December 2, 2024.
  2. ^ a b c d e "Presidental Election Results: Trump Wins". New York Times. November 5, 2024. Retrieved December 4, 2024.
  3. ^ a b "U.S. Senate: Party Division". United States Senate. Archived from the original on April 12, 2019. Retrieved May 12, 2019.
  4. ^ a b c d "State Partisan Composition". National Conference of State Legislatures. April 1, 2019. Archived from the original on February 18, 2019. Retrieved May 12, 2019.
  5. ^ Johnston, Bob (November 9, 2020). "Ballot Access Update". Libertarian Party. Retrieved August 26, 2022.
  6. ^ a b Doherty, Brian (September 15, 2022). "Libertarian Party Faces State Rebellions". Reason. Retrieved September 24, 2022.
  7. ^ a b Segal, Cheryl (May 27, 2016). "5 things the Libertarian Party stands for". The Hill. Archived from the original on August 16, 2018. Retrieved May 13, 2019.
  8. ^ Martin, Douglas (November 22, 2010). "David Nolan, 66, Is Dead; Started Libertarian Party". The New York Times. Archived from the original on May 13, 2019. Retrieved May 13, 2019.
  9. ^ Dritschilo, Gordon (May 3, 2023). "Sammis makes party switch official". Rutland Herald. Retrieved May 11, 2023.
  10. ^ "Forward Party". June 16, 2024. Retrieved November 25, 2024.
  11. ^ Prose, J. D. (June 21, 2023). "Two Pa. legislators announce their affiliation with centrist Forward Party". pennlive. Retrieved September 22, 2023.
  12. ^ a b Elliott-Negri, Luke (August 2, 2016). "Lessons From Vermont". Jacobin. Retrieved June 12, 2022.
  13. ^ "ELECTED PROGRESSIVES". The Vermont Progressive Party. January 12, 2023.
  14. ^ "INDEPENDENT PARTY'S 2009 LEGISLATIVE AGENDA | Independent Party of Oregon". August 19, 2009. Archived from the original on August 19, 2009. Retrieved September 12, 2020.
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  16. ^ "State Board Recognizes Green Party as NC Political Party".
  17. ^ Winger, Richard (May 6, 2024). "April 2024 Ballot Access News Print Edition". Ballot Access News. Retrieved May 11, 2024.
  18. ^ "Green Party Founding". www.c-span.org. C-SPAN. July 30, 2001. Archived from the original on May 16, 2017. Retrieved May 13, 2019.
  19. ^ a b c Feinauer, J.J. (January 16, 2014). "Want to support a third party? Here are your options". Deseret News. Archived from the original on May 13, 2019. Retrieved May 13, 2019.
  20. ^ Meyerson, Harold (November 11, 2014). "Meet the Working Families Party, Whose Ballot Line is in Play in New York". Prospect. Retrieved November 30, 2016.
  21. ^ "Ballot Access News -- June 1, 2006". www.ballot-access.org. Retrieved December 29, 2021.
  22. ^ Winger, Richard (May 6, 2019). "Minnesota Independence Party Becomes State Affiliate of the Alliance Party | Ballot Access News". Ballot Access News. Retrieved December 17, 2021.
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Further reading

[edit]
  • Nash, Howard P. Jr.; Schnapper, M. B. (1959). Third Parties in American Politics.
  • Ness, Immanuel; Ciment, James (2000). The Encyclopedia of Third Parties in America. Armonk, NY: Sharpe Reference. ISBN 0-7656-8020-3.
[edit]